General corruption risk approaches applicable to the health sector Overview of actors
2) Value Chain Analysis -VCA
A VCA is an exercise aimed at identifying key points in a production or supply chain at which inputs (time, raw materials or other resources) are transformed in order to add value to a product, service or process. VCA can also be used as a simple methodology for corruption risk identification, by breaking down large processes into their constituent parts or phases, and then isolating key points and interactions in a project cycle where corruption is likely to occur (UNDP, 2014).
The example illustrates the basic idea of a VCA: Breaking up the process its pieces and identifying critical processes and decision points. For more information on VCA in general and this particular example, please refer to the World Bank (no date).
Chart. Delivery of Essential Drugs
Source: World Bank (no date): 3